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Director Investment
Every director has to make a meaningful investment in the company. The objective evidence supporting this is irrefutable. Just a few references are highlighted below.
University of Colorado study
Sanjai Bhagat, a professor of finance at the University of Colorado analyzed the correlation between outside director share ownership and increases in company operating income.
His study, reported in Barrons on August 2, 1999 showed that "every 1% increase in the share ownership of the average outside directors corresponds with a 1.52% rise in operating income."
He concluded: "The more stock directors hold, the better the performance on average."
His study showed that the sales growth of companies where directors had 'big stakes' was double the growth rate of companies that had 'small stakes'.
National Venture Capital Association
In a public letter to the US SEC, on December 2, 2002 the NVCA stated:
"the value of large shareholders as directors has been repeatedly demonstrated. Certainly the latest evidence shows that the presence of directors with large shareholdings correlates strongly with corporate performance and shareholder value"
Hambrick at Penn State SMEAL College of Business
Hambrick co-authored a study on the topic, "Outside Directors With a Stake: The Linchpin in Improving Governance," that appeared in California Management Review (Summer 2000).
He states on the SMEAL College of Business website :
Giving directors an equity stake is not nearly as effective as if the directors have to reach in their own pockets and place some of their own cash on the line. "Common sense and research by psychologists tell us that people tend to be more cavalier with 'found money' than with money they have worked hard to obtain,"
[Please send us links to any similar references you've found valuable. Thanks very much, Basil]
